Introduction to SRTP: Secure Real-Time Transport Protocol

SRTP secures RTP voice and video streams by adding encrypted payloads, authentication tags, and a master key identifier to each media packet. It relies primarily on AES counter mode and HMAC-SHA1 authentication tags, with sequence numbers blocking replay attacks, and pairs with DTLS-SRTP or SDES for key exchange. SRTP is positioned as a lower-overhead, application-layer option for real-time communications, with GDPR, HIPAA, and CPRA cited as compliance drivers.