Anthropic: Teaching AI to build scientific models

Anthropic research argues that AI systems can now derive equations like the Hodgkin-Huxley model in an afternoon, but fitting experimental data is not the same as understanding. The work breaks scientific modeling into building, constraining, and interpreting models, and notes that AI has made the most progress on constraining them, where Bayesian inference is the standard method for mapping all plausible parameter sets rather than a single fit.